Poultry Feed

As per available reports about 80 Open Access, 65 Symposiums, 4 Upcoming Conferences are presently dedicated exclusively to Poultry Feed and about 153 conference proceedings and Articles are being published on Poultry Feed.

Poultry Feed is food for farm poultry, including chickens, ducks, geese and other domestic birds. Before the twentieth century, poultry were mostly kept on general farms, and foraged for much of their feed, eating insects, grain spilled by cattle and horses, and plants around the farm. This was often supplemented by grain, household scraps, calcium supplements such as oystershel, and garden waste. As farming became more specialized, many farms kept flocks too large to be fed in this way, and nutritionally complete poultry feed was developed. Modern feeds for poultry consists largely of grain, protein supplements such as soybean oil meal, mineral supplements, and vitamin supplements. The quantity of feed, and the nutritional requirements of the feed, depend on the weight and age of the poultry, their rate of growth, their rate of egg production, the weather (cold or wet weather causes higher energy expenditure), and the amount of nutrition the poultry obtain from foraging.

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Scope and Global Impact:

Feed is the most important input for poultry production, and the availability of low-priced, high-quality feeds is critical for the expansion of the poultry industry. For maximum performance and good health, poultry need a steady supply of energy, protein, essential amino acids, minerals, vitamins and, most important, water. Recent advances in poultry nutrition have focused on three main areas:developing an understanding of nutrient metabolism and nutrient requirements,determining the availability of nutrients in feed ingredients; andformulating least-cost diets that bring nutrient requirements and nutrient supply together. Practical poultry diets are formulated from a mixture of ingredients, including cereal grains, cereal by-products, fats, plant protein sources, animal by-products, vitamin and mineral supplements, crystalline amino acids and feed additives.

The significant migration of feed demand from west to east will be associated with increased outputs of formulated compound feeds. Globally, relatively few protein and energy ingredients are used in the manufacture of poultry feed for landless and large-scale commercial operations, with a significant reliance on soybean and traditional cereal grains to achieve nutrient supply and balance. The feed versus fuel debate over cereal usage is set to continue, accompanied by uncertainty as to the likely impact on feed and livestock production levels, and on feed-industry dynamics. Further refinements of technologies used for the production of ethanol by-products with desirable nutritional characteristics for example, dried distillers’ grains with solubles(DDGS) will be necessary in the future, parallel to the economic evaluation and justification of such products with respect to competitor feed ingredients.Additional legislation will affect most aspects of the feed sector, including those pertaining to environmental protection, feed hygiene, and those linked to food-safety issues throughout the poultry supply chain. Parallel to the continued inclusion and utilization of traditional feed ingredients in the poultry industries of both developed and developing countries, will be the ongoing requirement for nutritional evaluation of more locally grown and novel indigenous crop sources, which may have the potential to offer reasonable (alternative) protein and energy yields. The future use of a greater diversity of protein feeds in formulations, despite the fact that they may contain less than optimal natural amino acid profiles, will be assisted by the increasing availability of relatively cheaply manufactured synthetic forms of essential amino acids, which will facilitate the dietary creation of “ideal” protein. There will be continued selection for genetically improved and more location/climate-tolerant plant cultivars that have potential nutritional value and widen the feedoptions for more countries.

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This page was last updated on April 24, 2024