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ANANBIOANAL - 2010
Pharmaceutical R & D Summit
doi:10.4172/2155-9872.1000092
Knowledge Explosion in Environmental Remediation Techniques
and Strategies
M.N.V. Prasad
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad, India
B
ioremediation is an emerging and effective innovative technology for treatment
of a wide variety of contaminants. This technology includes phytoremediation
(plants) and rhizoremediation (plant and microbe interaction). Rhizoremediation,
which is the most evolved process of bioremediation, involves the removal of specific
contaminants from contaminated sites by mutual interaction of plant roots and
suitable microbial flora. This discussion paper presents an exhaustive evaluation
with respect to developments, current practices and perspectives of a variety of
approaches of bioremediation. Bioremediation approach is currently applied to
contain contaminants in soil, groundwater, surface water, or sediments including air.
These technologies have become attractive alternatives to conventional cleanup
technologies due to relatively low capital costs and the inherently aesthetic nature.
This lecture would deal with bioremediation mechanisms such as phytosequestration,
rhizodegradation, phytohydraulics, phytoextraction, phytodegradation, and
phytovolatilization. Arsenic, Mercury, Chromium, Fluoride, Cyanide, abandoned
mines, fly ash disposed sites, engineered phytotreatment technologies, biological
permeable barriers; and Organics viz., petroleum hydrocarbons, pesticides
explosives are some of the examples chosen for this presentation. Quite a variety
of plants, natural, transgenic, and/or associated with rhizosphere micro-organisms
are extraordinarily active in these biological interventions and cleaning up pollutants
by removing or immobilizing. While diverse microbes are the most active agents,
fungi and their strong oxidative enzymes are key players as well in recycling
recalcitrant polymers and xenobiotic chemicals as well. The proactive role of MoEF
and industries for implementing bioremediation and envisaged action plan are
also discussed. Institutions involved in bioremediation research, frequently asked
questions covered in power point presentation.
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