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Cellular Reprogramming
refers to deletion and remodeling of epigenetic marks, like DNA methylation, during mammalian development. After fertilization a few cells of the newly formed embryo drift to the germinal ridge and will finally become the germ cells.Due to the occurrence of genomic imprinting, maternal and paternal genomes are discriminating the marked and must be appropriately, reprogrammed every time they pass through the germ line.Accordingly, during the process of gametogenesis the primordial germ cells must have their original bi parental DNA methylation patterns erased and re-established based on the sex of the transmitting parent. Reprogramming procedures provide insight into many mechanisms of fundamental cell biology and have several promising applications, most prominently in healthcare through the development of human disease models and patient-specific tissue-replacement therapies. Reprogramming can also be induced artificially through the introduction of exogenous factors, usually transcription factors. In this situation it often refers to the creation of induced pluripotent stem cells from mature cells same as adult fibroblasts. This confess the production of stem cells for biomedical research, similar research into stem cell therapies, beyond the use of embryos. It is carried out by the transfection of stem-cell associated genes into mature cells using viral vectors such as retroviruses.
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This page was last updated on April 19, 2024